人文科学研究所主催公開研究会開催のお知らせ（「高次脳機能の総合的理解」チーム）

講 師：       Ramon Landin-Romero
             (The University Of Sydney 研究員)

テーマ：    「MRI biomarkers of differential diagnosis and
            prognosis in neuropsychiatry and neurodegeneration」

要 旨：    Neurodegenerative syndromes (e.g., dementia) are
            characterized by the progressive loss of structure
            and/or function of the brain. Conversely,
            neuropsychiatric conditions (e.g., psychosis,
            depression, etc.) are not associated with gross
            structural changes. Instead, psychiatric syndromes
            are considered ‘functional’ brain disorders and
            associated to functional brain abnormalities. Magnetic
            Resonance Imaging (MRI) techniques have revolutionized
            the clinical neurosciences by enabling  the non-invasive
            assessment of brain changes in vivo. In this seminar,
            I will discuss the application of MRI and bioinformatics
            to identify sensitive and reliable neuroimaging biomarkers
            - objective measurements of the brain’s morphology
            and/or function- to inform (i) diagnosis, (ii) prognosis
            and  (iii) prediction of disease trajectories across
            neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.

 講 師：  Aurelie Manuel Stocker
           (The University Of Sydney 研究員)

 テーマ：  「Non-invasive brain stimulation: a tool for the
            neurorehabilitation of neurological and psychiatric
            disorders?」

 要 旨：  In the last two decades, non-invasive brain stimulation
           (NIBS) techniques have made significant contributions to
           the field of neuroscience. Here I will focus on transcranial
           magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current
           stimulation (tDCS) which are the two most commonly used
           techniques. By selectively modulating activity or cortical
           excitability (excitation or inhibition) and evaluating the
           behavioral consequences of disruption of a specific brain
           region, NIBS can identify causal links between the function
           of a brain region and its behavior. Although these techniques
           are still young, there is ample evidence supporting the use
           of NIBS techniques as a tool for enhancing cognitive
           functions in healthy subjects and in patients with
           neurological and psychiatric disorders. In this talk I will
           give an overview of how NIBS can be used to study the brain
           and how it can be applied in the neurorehabilitation of
           various clinical disorders.

使用言語：　英語

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主催：人文科学研究所研究会チーム「高次脳機能の総合的理解」

共催：日本学術振興会　課題設定による先導的人文学・社会科学研究推進事業　領域開拓プログラム「脳機能亢進の神経心理学によって推進する「共生」人文社会科学の開拓」